Sending systems that don't record an explicit status can use the following guidance to infer a value from the zib:

For zib NursingIntervention, this will normally be plan, but the context may specify a more suitable intent.

• value @ coding

The start date (and if possible start time) of the procedure. The concept offers the option to indicate the start of the period of a series of repeating procedures, in which case it should be repeated in CarePlan.activity.detail.scheduledTiming.repeat.boundsPeriod.start.

The end date (and if possible end time) of the procedure. The concept offers the option to indicate the end of the period of a series of repeating procedures, in which case it should be repeated in CarePlan.activity.detail.scheduledTiming.repeat.boundsPeriod.end.

• exists @ extension(url='http://nictiz.nl/fhir/StructureDefinition/ext-NursingIntervention-ContributorIsRequester')

The health professional who requested the nursing intervention. If desired, only the requester’s specialty can be entered.

The nursing-related problem (indication) providing cause for the intervention.

The description of the treatment goal that the intervention decision is based on.

A nursing intervention in the Dutch realm always consists of a single activity. For this reason, the cardinality of .activity is restricted to 0..1.

Description of the materials used for the nursing procedure, such as bandages.

A nursing intervention is a treatment carried out by a nurse based on an expert opinion and clinical knowledge for the benefit of the person requesting healthcare. The intervention is targeted towards a certain problem (diagnosis) and has a predetermined healthcare result. It is possible to build a hierarchy of nursing interventions (where one intervention is part of another).

• type @ $this

• type @ $this

Zib concept ProcedureStartDateTime should primarily be communicated using CarePlan.period.start, but it should be repeated here if it indicates the end of a series of repeating procedures.

Zib concept ProcedureEndDateTime should primarily be communicated using CarePlan.period.end, but it should be repeated here if it indicates the end of a series of repeating procedures.

• Interval indicates the time between planned procedures. When entering an interval, the focus is on the time between the consecutive procedures, such as in the treatment of a wound, for example. The exact times are of lesser importance.
• The frequency describes how often and in which period certain procedures are carried out, e.g. 3x a day.

Both the zib concepts Interval and Frequency are communicated using a combination of .frequency, .period and .periodUnit. If the Interval concept is communicated, .frequency SHOULD have a fixed value of 1 (see "Meaning when missing" for .frequency).

• Interval indicates the time between planned procedures. When entering an interval, the focus is on the time between the consecutive procedures, such as in the treatment of a wound, for example. The exact times are of lesser importance.
• The frequency describes how often and in which period certain procedures are carried out, e.g. 3x a day.

Both the zib concepts Interval and Frequency are communicated using a combination of .frequency, .period and .periodUnit. If the Interval concept is communicated, .frequency SHOULD have a fixed value of 1 (see "Meaning when missing" for .frequency).

• Interval indicates the time between planned procedures. When entering an interval, the focus is on the time between the consecutive procedures, such as in the treatment of a wound, for example. The exact times are of lesser importance.
• The frequency describes how often and in which period certain procedures are carried out, e.g. 3x a day.

Both the zib concepts Interval and Frequency are communicated using a combination of .frequency, .period and .periodUnit. If the Interval concept is communicated, .frequency SHOULD have a fixed value of 1 (see "Meaning when missing" for .frequency).

• profile @ resolve()

The health professional carrying out the nursing procedure.

The caregiver carrying out the nursing procedure.

The patient carrying out the nursing procedure.

Instructions for performing the nursing action. This is particularly at issue when the action is performed by the patient himself or by a caregiver.

Comment on the nursing intervention.

Describes the intention of how one or more practitioners intend to deliver care for a particular patient, group or community for a period of time, possibly limited to care for a specific condition or set of conditions.

A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.

Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Indicates whether the plan is currently being acted upon, represents future intentions or is now a historical record.

Sending systems that don't record an explicit status can use the following guidance to infer a value from the zib:

• ProcedureEndTime present:
  • and in the future: active
  • and in the past: completed
• ProcedureEndTime absent:
  • ProcedureStartTime present: active
  • ProcedureStartTime absent: unknown

The unknown code is not to be used to convey other statuses. The unknown code should be used when one of the statuses applies, but the authoring system doesn't know the current state of the care plan.

This element is labeled as a modifier because the status contains the code entered-in-error that marks the plan as not currently valid.

Indicates whether the plan is currently being acted upon, represents future intentions or is now a historical record.

Allows clinicians to determine whether the plan is actionable or not.

Indicates the level of authority/intentionality associated with the care plan and where the care plan fits into the workflow chain.

For zib NursingIntervention, this will normally be plan, but the context may specify a more suitable intent.

This element is labeled as a modifier because the intent alters when and how the resource is actually applicable.

Codes indicating the degree of authority/intentionality associated with a care plan.

Proposals/recommendations, plans and orders all use the same structure and can exist in the same fulfillment chain.

Identifies what "kind" of plan this is to support differentiation between multiple co-existing plans; e.g. "Home health", "psychiatric", "asthma", "disease management", "wellness plan", etc.

There may be multiple axes of categorization and one plan may serve multiple purposes. In some cases, this may be redundant with references to CarePlan.concern.

Identifies what "kind" of plan this is to support differentiation between multiple co-existing plans; e.g. "Home health", "psychiatric", "asthma", "disease management", etc.

Used for filtering what plan(s) are retrieved and displayed to different types of users.

• value @ coding

Identifies what "kind" of plan this is to support differentiation between multiple co-existing plans; e.g. "Home health", "psychiatric", "asthma", "disease management", "wellness plan", etc.

There may be multiple axes of categorization and one plan may serve multiple purposes. In some cases, this may be redundant with references to CarePlan.concern.

Identifies what "kind" of plan this is to support differentiation between multiple co-existing plans; e.g. "Home health", "psychiatric", "asthma", "disease management", etc.

Used for filtering what plan(s) are retrieved and displayed to different types of users.

Identifies the patient or group whose intended care is described by the plan.

Identifies the individual(s) or organization who provided the contents of the care plan.

Collaborative care plans may have multiple contributors.

• exists @ extension(url='http://nictiz.nl/fhir/StructureDefinition/ext-NursingIntervention-ContributorIsRequester')

The health professional who requested the nursing intervention. If desired, only the requester’s specialty can be entered.

Identifies the individual(s) or organization who provided the contents of the care plan.

Collaborative care plans may have multiple contributors.

An Extension

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

• value @ url

Optional Extension Element - found in all resources.

The nursing-related problem (indication) providing cause for the intervention.

Identifies the conditions/problems/concerns/diagnoses/etc. whose management and/or mitigation are handled by this plan.

When the diagnosis is related to an allergy or intolerance, the Condition and AllergyIntolerance resources can both be used. However, to be actionable for decision support, using Condition alone is not sufficient as the allergy or intolerance condition needs to be represented as an AllergyIntolerance.

Links plan to the conditions it manages. The element can identify risks addressed by the plan as well as active conditions. (The Condition resource can include things like "at risk for hypertension" or "fall risk".) Also scopes plans - multiple plans may exist addressing different concerns.

The description of the treatment goal that the intervention decision is based on.

Describes the intended objective(s) of carrying out the care plan.

Goal can be achieving a particular change or merely maintaining a current state or even slowing a decline.

Provides context for plan. Allows plan effectiveness to be evaluated by clinicians.

Identifies a planned action to occur as part of the plan. For example, a medication to be used, lab tests to perform, self-monitoring, education, etc.

A nursing intervention in the Dutch realm always consists of a single activity. For this reason, the cardinality of .activity is restricted to 0..1.

Allows systems to prompt for performance of planned activities, and validate plans against best practice.

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

Modifier extensions SHALL NOT change the meaning of any elements on Resource or DomainResource (including cannot change the meaning of modifierExtension itself).

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

General notes about the care plan not covered elsewhere.

Used to capture information that applies to the plan as a whole that doesn't fit into discrete elements.

Comment on the nursing intervention.

The text of the annotation in markdown format.

Describes the intention of how one or more practitioners intend to deliver care for a particular patient, group or community for a period of time, possibly limited to care for a specific condition or set of conditions.

The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes.

The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation.

The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content might not always be associated with version changes to the resource.

A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. Often, this is a reference to an implementation guide that defines the special rules along with other profiles etc.

Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element. Often, when used, the URL is a reference to an implementation guide that defines these special rules as part of it's narrative along with other profiles, value sets, etc.

The base language in which the resource is written.

Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource. Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute).

A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource and can be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety.

Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. In some cases, a resource may only have text with little or no additional discrete data (as long as all minOccurs=1 elements are satisfied). This may be necessary for data from legacy systems where information is captured as a "text blob" or where text is additionally entered raw or narrated and encoded information is added later.

These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope.

This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. Contained resources may have profiles and tags In their meta elements, but SHALL NOT have security labels.

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Business identifiers assigned to this care plan by the performer or other systems which remain constant as the resource is updated and propagates from server to server.

This is a business identifier, not a resource identifier (see discussion). It is best practice for the identifier to only appear on a single resource instance, however business practices may occasionally dictate that multiple resource instances with the same identifier can exist - possibly even with different resource types. For example, multiple Patient and a Person resource instance might share the same social insurance number.

Allows identification of the care plan as it is known by various participating systems and in a way that remains consistent across servers.

The URL pointing to a FHIR-defined protocol, guideline, questionnaire or other definition that is adhered to in whole or in part by this CarePlan.

The URL pointing to an externally maintained protocol, guideline, questionnaire or other definition that is adhered to in whole or in part by this CarePlan.

This might be an HTML page, PDF, etc. or could just be a non-resolvable URI identifier.

A care plan that is fulfilled in whole or in part by this care plan.

Allows tracing of the care plan and tracking whether proposals/recommendations were acted upon.

Completed or terminated care plan whose function is taken by this new care plan.

The replacement could be because the initial care plan was immediately rejected (due to an issue) or because the previous care plan was completed, but the need for the action described by the care plan remains ongoing.

Allows tracing the continuation of a therapy or administrative process instantiated through multiple care plans.

A larger care plan of which this particular care plan is a component or step.

Each care plan is an independent request, such that having a care plan be part of another care plan can cause issues with cascading statuses. As such, this element is still being discussed.

Indicates whether the plan is currently being acted upon, represents future intentions or is now a historical record.

Sending systems that don't record an explicit status can use the following guidance to infer a value from the zib:

Allows clinicians to determine whether the plan is actionable or not.

Indicates the level of authority/intentionality associated with the care plan and where the care plan fits into the workflow chain.

For zib NursingIntervention, this will normally be plan, but the context may specify a more suitable intent.

Proposals/recommendations, plans and orders all use the same structure and can exist in the same fulfillment chain.

Identifies what "kind" of plan this is to support differentiation between multiple co-existing plans; e.g. "Home health", "psychiatric", "asthma", "disease management", "wellness plan", etc.

There may be multiple axes of categorization and one plan may serve multiple purposes. In some cases, this may be redundant with references to CarePlan.concern.

Used for filtering what plan(s) are retrieved and displayed to different types of users.

• value @ coding

Identifies what "kind" of plan this is to support differentiation between multiple co-existing plans; e.g. "Home health", "psychiatric", "asthma", "disease management", "wellness plan", etc.

There may be multiple axes of categorization and one plan may serve multiple purposes. In some cases, this may be redundant with references to CarePlan.concern.

Used for filtering what plan(s) are retrieved and displayed to different types of users.

Human-friendly name for the care plan.

A description of the scope and nature of the plan.

Provides more detail than conveyed by category.

Identifies the patient or group whose intended care is described by the plan.

The Encounter during which this CarePlan was created or to which the creation of this record is tightly associated.

This will typically be the encounter the event occurred within, but some activities may be initiated prior to or after the official completion of an encounter but still be tied to the context of the encounter. CarePlan activities conducted as a result of the care plan may well occur as part of other encounters.

Indicates when the plan did (or is intended to) come into effect and end.

Any activities scheduled as part of the plan should be constrained to the specified period regardless of whether the activities are planned within a single encounter/episode or across multiple encounters/episodes (e.g. the longitudinal management of a chronic condition).

Allows tracking what plan(s) are in effect at a particular time.

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

• value @ url

The start date (and if possible start time) of the procedure. The concept offers the option to indicate the start of the period of a series of repeating procedures, in which case it should be repeated in CarePlan.activity.detail.scheduledTiming.repeat.boundsPeriod.start.

If the low element is missing, the meaning is that the low boundary is not known.

The end date (and if possible end time) of the procedure. The concept offers the option to indicate the end of the period of a series of repeating procedures, in which case it should be repeated in CarePlan.activity.detail.scheduledTiming.repeat.boundsPeriod.end.

The high value includes any matching date/time. i.e. 2012-02-03T10:00:00 is in a period that has an end value of 2012-02-03.

Represents when this particular CarePlan record was created in the system, which is often a system-generated date.

When populated, the author is responsible for the care plan. The care plan is attributed to the author.

The author may also be a contributor. For example, an organization can be an author, but not listed as a contributor.

Identifies the individual(s) or organization who provided the contents of the care plan.

Collaborative care plans may have multiple contributors.

• exists @ extension(url='http://nictiz.nl/fhir/StructureDefinition/ext-NursingIntervention-ContributorIsRequester')

The health professional who requested the nursing intervention. If desired, only the requester’s specialty can be entered.

Collaborative care plans may have multiple contributors.

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

An Extension

• value @ url

Optional Extension Element - found in all resources.

A reference to a location at which the other resource is found. The reference may be a relative reference, in which case it is relative to the service base URL, or an absolute URL that resolves to the location where the resource is found. The reference may be version specific or not. If the reference is not to a FHIR RESTful server, then it should be assumed to be version specific. Internal fragment references (start with '#') refer to contained resources.

Using absolute URLs provides a stable scalable approach suitable for a cloud/web context, while using relative/logical references provides a flexible approach suitable for use when trading across closed eco-system boundaries. Absolute URLs do not need to point to a FHIR RESTful server, though this is the preferred approach. If the URL conforms to the structure "/[type]/[id]" then it should be assumed that the reference is to a FHIR RESTful server.

The expected type of the target of the reference. If both Reference.type and Reference.reference are populated and Reference.reference is a FHIR URL, both SHALL be consistent.

This element is used to indicate the type of the target of the reference. This may be used which ever of the other elements are populated (or not). In some cases, the type of the target may be determined by inspection of the reference (e.g. a RESTful URL) or by resolving the target of the reference; if both the type and a reference is provided, the reference SHALL resolve to a resource of the same type as that specified.

An identifier for the target resource. This is used when there is no way to reference the other resource directly, either because the entity it represents is not available through a FHIR server, or because there is no way for the author of the resource to convert a known identifier to an actual location. There is no requirement that a Reference.identifier point to something that is actually exposed as a FHIR instance, but it SHALL point to a business concept that would be expected to be exposed as a FHIR instance, and that instance would need to be of a FHIR resource type allowed by the reference.

When an identifier is provided in place of a reference, any system processing the reference will only be able to resolve the identifier to a reference if it understands the business context in which the identifier is used. Sometimes this is global (e.g. a national identifier) but often it is not. For this reason, none of the useful mechanisms described for working with references (e.g. chaining, includes) are possible, nor should servers be expected to be able resolve the reference. Servers may accept an identifier based reference untouched, resolve it, and/or reject it - see CapabilityStatement.rest.resource.referencePolicy.

Plain text narrative that identifies the resource in addition to the resource reference.

This is generally not the same as the Resource.text of the referenced resource. The purpose is to identify what's being referenced, not to fully describe it.

Identifies all people and organizations who are expected to be involved in the care envisioned by this plan.

Allows representation of care teams, helps scope care plan. In some cases may be a determiner of access permissions.

The nursing-related problem (indication) providing cause for the intervention.

When the diagnosis is related to an allergy or intolerance, the Condition and AllergyIntolerance resources can both be used. However, to be actionable for decision support, using Condition alone is not sufficient as the allergy or intolerance condition needs to be represented as an AllergyIntolerance.

Links plan to the conditions it manages. The element can identify risks addressed by the plan as well as active conditions. (The Condition resource can include things like "at risk for hypertension" or "fall risk".) Also scopes plans - multiple plans may exist addressing different concerns.

Identifies portions of the patient's record that specifically influenced the formation of the plan. These might include comorbidities, recent procedures, limitations, recent assessments, etc.

Use "concern" to identify specific conditions addressed by the care plan.

Identifies barriers and other considerations associated with the care plan.

The description of the treatment goal that the intervention decision is based on.

Goal can be achieving a particular change or merely maintaining a current state or even slowing a decline.

Provides context for plan. Allows plan effectiveness to be evaluated by clinicians.

Identifies a planned action to occur as part of the plan. For example, a medication to be used, lab tests to perform, self-monitoring, education, etc.

A nursing intervention in the Dutch realm always consists of a single activity. For this reason, the cardinality of .activity is restricted to 0..1.

Allows systems to prompt for performance of planned activities, and validate plans against best practice.

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Identifies the outcome at the point when the status of the activity is assessed. For example, the outcome of an education activity could be patient understands (or not).

Note that this should not duplicate the activity status (e.g. completed or in progress).

Details of the outcome or action resulting from the activity. The reference to an "event" resource, such as Procedure or Encounter or Observation, is the result/outcome of the activity itself. The activity can be conveyed using CarePlan.activity.detail OR using the CarePlan.activity.reference (a reference to a “request” resource).

The activity outcome is independent of the outcome of the related goal(s). For example, if the goal is to achieve a target body weight of 150 lbs and an activity is defined to diet, then the activity outcome could be calories consumed whereas the goal outcome is an observation for the actual body weight measured.

Links plan to resulting actions.

Notes about the adherence/status/progress of the activity.

This element should NOT be used to describe the activity to be performed - that occurs either within the resource pointed to by activity.detail.reference or in activity.detail.description.

Can be used to capture information about adherence, progress, concerns, etc.

The details of the proposed activity represented in a specific resource.

Standard extension exists (resource-pertainsToGoal) that allows goals to be referenced from any of the referenced resources in CarePlan.activity.reference.
The goal should be visible when the resource referenced by CarePlan.activity.reference is viewed independently from the CarePlan. Requests that are pointed to by a CarePlan using this element should not point to this CarePlan using the "basedOn" element. i.e. Requests that are part of a CarePlan are not "based on" the CarePlan.

Details in a form consistent with other applications and contexts of use.

A simple summary of a planned activity suitable for a general care plan system (e.g. form driven) that doesn't know about specific resources such as procedure etc.

Details in a simple form for generic care plan systems.

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

An Extension

• value @ url

Optional Extension Element - found in all resources.

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

• value @ url

Source of the definition for the extension code - a logical name or a URL.

The definition may point directly to a computable or human-readable definition of the extensibility codes, or it may be a logical URI as declared in some other specification. The definition SHALL be a URI for the Structure Definition defining the extension.

Description of the materials used for the nursing procedure, such as bandages.

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

A description of the kind of resource the in-line definition of a care plan activity is representing. The CarePlan.activity.detail is an in-line definition when a resource is not referenced using CarePlan.activity.reference. For example, a MedicationRequest, a ServiceRequest, or a CommunicationRequest.

May determine what types of extensions are permitted.

The URL pointing to a FHIR-defined protocol, guideline, questionnaire or other definition that is adhered to in whole or in part by this CarePlan activity.

Allows Questionnaires that the patient (or practitioner) should fill in to fulfill the care plan activity.

The URL pointing to an externally maintained protocol, guideline, questionnaire or other definition that is adhered to in whole or in part by this CarePlan activity.

This might be an HTML page, PDF, etc. or could just be a non-resolvable URI identifier.

Allows Questionnaires that the patient (or practitioner) should fill in to fulfill the care plan activity.

A nursing intervention is a treatment carried out by a nurse based on an expert opinion and clinical knowledge for the benefit of the person requesting healthcare. The intervention is targeted towards a certain problem (diagnosis) and has a predetermined healthcare result. It is possible to build a hierarchy of nursing interventions (where one intervention is part of another).

Tends to be less relevant for activities involving particular products. Codes should not convey negation - use "prohibited" instead.

Allows matching performed to planned as well as validation against protocols.

Provides the rationale that drove the inclusion of this particular activity as part of the plan or the reason why the activity was prohibited.

This could be a diagnosis code. If a full condition record exists or additional detail is needed, use reasonCondition instead.

Indicates another resource, such as the health condition(s), whose existence justifies this request and drove the inclusion of this particular activity as part of the plan.

Conditions can be identified at the activity level that are not identified as reasons for the overall plan.

Internal reference that identifies the goals that this activity is intended to contribute towards meeting.

So that participants know the link explicitly.

Identifies what progress is being made for the specific activity.

Some aspects of status can be inferred based on the resources linked in actionTaken. Note that "status" is only as current as the plan was most recently updated.
The unknown code is not to be used to convey other statuses. The unknown code should be used when one of the statuses applies, but the authoring system doesn't know the current state of the activity.

Indicates progress against the plan, whether the activity is still relevant for the plan.

Provides reason why the activity isn't yet started, is on hold, was cancelled, etc.

Will generally not be present if status is "complete". Be sure to prompt to update this (or at least remove the existing value) if the status is changed.

If true, indicates that the described activity is one that must NOT be engaged in when following the plan. If false, or missing, indicates that the described activity is one that should be engaged in when following the plan.

This element is labeled as a modifier because it marks an activity as an activity that is not to be performed.

Captures intention to not do something that may have been previously typical.

The period, timing or frequency upon which the described activity is to occur.

Allows prompting for activities and detection of missed planned activities.

• type @ $this

The period, timing or frequency upon which the described activity is to occur.

Allows prompting for activities and detection of missed planned activities.

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

• value @ url

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element and that modifies the understanding of the element in which it is contained and/or the understanding of the containing element's descendants. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions.

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

Modifier extensions allow for extensions that cannot be safely ignored to be clearly distinguished from the vast majority of extensions which can be safely ignored. This promotes interoperability by eliminating the need for implementers to prohibit the presence of extensions. For further information, see the definition of modifier extensions.

Identifies specific times when the event occurs.

In a Medication Administration Record, for instance, you need to take a general specification, and turn it into a precise specification.

A set of rules that describe when the event is scheduled.

Many timing schedules are determined by regular repetitions.

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

• value @ url

Either a duration for the length of the timing schedule, a range of possible length, or outer bounds for start and/or end limits of the timing schedule.

• type @ $this

Either a duration for the length of the timing schedule, a range of possible length, or outer bounds for start and/or end limits of the timing schedule.

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

• value @ url

Zib concept ProcedureStartDateTime should primarily be communicated using CarePlan.period.start, but it should be repeated here if it indicates the end of a series of repeating procedures.

If the low element is missing, the meaning is that the low boundary is not known.

Zib concept ProcedureEndDateTime should primarily be communicated using CarePlan.period.end, but it should be repeated here if it indicates the end of a series of repeating procedures.

The high value includes any matching date/time. i.e. 2012-02-03T10:00:00 is in a period that has an end value of 2012-02-03.

A total count of the desired number of repetitions across the duration of the entire timing specification. If countMax is present, this element indicates the lower bound of the allowed range of count values.

If you have both bounds and count, then this should be understood as within the bounds period, until count times happens.

Repetitions may be limited by end time or total occurrences.

If present, indicates that the count is a range - so to perform the action between [count] and [countMax] times.

How long this thing happens for when it happens. If durationMax is present, this element indicates the lower bound of the allowed range of the duration.

For some events the duration is part of the definition of the event (e.g. IV infusions, where the duration is implicit in the specified quantity and rate). For others, it's part of the timing specification (e.g. exercise).

Some activities are not instantaneous and need to be maintained for a period of time.

If present, indicates that the duration is a range - so to perform the action between [duration] and [durationMax] time length.

For some events the duration is part of the definition of the event (e.g. IV infusions, where the duration is implicit in the specified quantity and rate). For others, it's part of the timing specification (e.g. exercise).

Some activities are not instantaneous and need to be maintained for a period of time.

The units of time for the duration, in UCUM units.

• Interval indicates the time between planned procedures. When entering an interval, the focus is on the time between the consecutive procedures, such as in the treatment of a wound, for example. The exact times are of lesser importance.
• The frequency describes how often and in which period certain procedures are carried out, e.g. 3x a day.

Both the zib concepts Interval and Frequency are communicated using a combination of .frequency, .period and .periodUnit. If the Interval concept is communicated, .frequency SHOULD have a fixed value of 1 (see "Meaning when missing" for .frequency).

If present, indicates that the frequency is a range - so to repeat between [frequency] and [frequencyMax] times within the period or period range.

• Interval indicates the time between planned procedures. When entering an interval, the focus is on the time between the consecutive procedures, such as in the treatment of a wound, for example. The exact times are of lesser importance.
• The frequency describes how often and in which period certain procedures are carried out, e.g. 3x a day.

Both the zib concepts Interval and Frequency are communicated using a combination of .frequency, .period and .periodUnit. If the Interval concept is communicated, .frequency SHOULD have a fixed value of 1 (see "Meaning when missing" for .frequency).

If present, indicates that the period is a range from [period] to [periodMax], allowing expressing concepts such as "do this once every 3-5 days.

• Interval indicates the time between planned procedures. When entering an interval, the focus is on the time between the consecutive procedures, such as in the treatment of a wound, for example. The exact times are of lesser importance.
• The frequency describes how often and in which period certain procedures are carried out, e.g. 3x a day.

Both the zib concepts Interval and Frequency are communicated using a combination of .frequency, .period and .periodUnit. If the Interval concept is communicated, .frequency SHOULD have a fixed value of 1 (see "Meaning when missing" for .frequency).

If one or more days of week is provided, then the action happens only on the specified day(s).

If no days are specified, the action is assumed to happen every day as otherwise specified. The elements frequency and period cannot be used as well as dayOfWeek.

Specified time of day for action to take place.

When time of day is specified, it is inferred that the action happens every day (as filtered by dayofWeek) on the specified times. The elements when, frequency and period cannot be used as well as timeOfDay.

An approximate time period during the day, potentially linked to an event of daily living that indicates when the action should occur.

When more than one event is listed, the event is tied to the union of the specified events.

Timings are frequently determined by occurrences such as waking, eating and sleep.

The number of minutes from the event. If the event code does not indicate whether the minutes is before or after the event, then the offset is assumed to be after the event.

A code for the timing schedule (or just text in code.text). Some codes such as BID are ubiquitous, but many institutions define their own additional codes. If a code is provided, the code is understood to be a complete statement of whatever is specified in the structured timing data, and either the code or the data may be used to interpret the Timing, with the exception that .repeat.bounds still applies over the code (and is not contained in the code).

BID etc. are defined as 'at institutionally specified times'. For example, an institution may choose that BID is "always at 7am and 6pm". If it is inappropriate for this choice to be made, the code BID should not be used. Instead, a distinct organization-specific code should be used in place of the HL7-defined BID code and/or a structured representation should be used (in this case, specifying the two event times).

Identifies the facility where the activity will occur; e.g. home, hospital, specific clinic, etc.

May reference a specific clinical location or may identify a type of location.

Helps in planning of activity.

Identifies who's expected to be involved in the activity.

A performer MAY also be a participant in the care plan.

Helps in planning of activity.

• profile @ resolve()

The health professional carrying out the nursing procedure.

A performer MAY also be a participant in the care plan.

Helps in planning of activity.

The caregiver carrying out the nursing procedure.

A performer MAY also be a participant in the care plan.

Helps in planning of activity.

The patient carrying out the nursing procedure.

A performer MAY also be a participant in the care plan.

Helps in planning of activity.

Identifies the food, drug or other product to be consumed or supplied in the activity.

Identifies the quantity expected to be consumed in a given day.

Allows rough dose checking.

Identifies the quantity expected to be supplied, administered or consumed by the subject.

Instructions for performing the nursing action. This is particularly at issue when the action is performed by the patient himself or by a caregiver.

General notes about the care plan not covered elsewhere.

Used to capture information that applies to the plan as a whole that doesn't fit into discrete elements.

Unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). This may be any string value that does not contain spaces.

May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. To make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer can define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension.

There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone.

• value @ url

The individual responsible for making the annotation.

Organization is used when there's no need for specific attribution as to who made the comment.

Indicates when this particular annotation was made.

Comment on the nursing intervention.